caerimonia Latin · revision 5527

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kae̯.rɪˈmoː.ni.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [t͡ʃe.riˈmɔː.ni.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''caerimōnia''' ''f'' (genitive caerimōniae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives it, with the suffix [[-mōnia]] of [[castimōnia]] and [[sānctimōnia]], from an adjective *caerus “whole”, perhaps [[itc-pro|*kair-]], which also forms the second part of [[sincērus]] “whole, pure”.^(de Vaan 2008) The Roman belief that it came from the Etruscan city of Caere is a folk etymology, according to de Vaan.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD and Köbler, following Walde and Hofmann, think it possibly Etruscan.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Cicero, who speaks of the sanctity of an embassy betrayed by treachery.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense was sacredness or sanctity, as of an embassy or of the gods.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It then meant reverence for the gods shown in worship, and, usually in the plural, the rites and observances of a cult.^(OLD 2012) Cicero defines religion as the care and worship (''caerimōnia'') of a higher nature.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Medieval writers used it of pagan, Jewish and Christian worship and festivals.^(DMLBS) Medieval Latin ''cēremōnia'' gave [[en|ceremony]] in the late 14th century, and the word was borrowed in the same way into [[fr|cérémonie]] and [[it|cerimonia]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of the sanctity of an embassy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''ceremony'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Sacredness, [[m|en|sanctity]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|Reverence]] (for the gods), worship.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (usually plural) Religious [[m|en|rite]]s, [[m|en|ceremony]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[caerimōniālis]]

+ * [[caerimonior]]

+ * [[caerimoniosus]]

+ * [[caerimōnium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sincērus]]

+ * [[en|ceremony]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein contrasts [[rītus]], a hallowed observance taught by the gods or by nature, with ''caerimōnia'', what is used in the worship of the gods.^(Döderlein 1874) Spellings with ''cē-'' and ''cae-'' both occur.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}