discipulus Latin · revision 5526

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [dɪsˈkɪ.pʊ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [diʃˈʃiː.pu.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''discipulus''' ''m'' (genitive discipulī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is not clear.^(TLL) The OLD and Wiktionary analyse it as [[dis-]] with [[itc-pro|*kapelo-|t=one who takes]] from [[capiō]] “to take” and the suffix [[-ulus]], the sense being influenced by [[discō]] “to learn”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Walde and Hofmann derived it from a verb *dis-capiō “to grasp mentally”, compare [[disceptō]], which de Vaan finds semantically unconvincing, while the ending is hard to explain from ''discō''.^(de Vaan 2008) Gaffiot and Lewis & Short simply derive it from ''discō''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a pupil or learner, in the liberal arts or a trade, and the follower of a philosopher.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Publilius Syrus calls each day “the pupil of the one before”.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Christian Latin it was a disciple of Christ, and it was borrowed into Old English as ''discipul'', the source of [[en|disciple]].^(Etymonline)^(Köbler 2010) Its derivative [[disciplīna]] “instruction” gave [[en|discipline]] about 1200.^(Etymonline) It survives in [[es|discípulo]] and [[pt|discípulo]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of the pupils of philosophers.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Old English period – ''discipul'' is borrowed for the disciples of Christ.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''discipline'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|pupil]], learner, trainee.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|disciple]] (of a philosopher or teacher).^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A disciple of Christ.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[condiscipulus]]

+ * [[disciplīna]]

+ * [[discipula]]

+ * [[discipulatus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[disciplīnābilis]]

+ * [[disciplīnātus]]

+ * [[disciplīnōsus]]

+ * [[capiō]]

+ * [[discō]]

+ * [[en|disciple]]

+ * [[en|discipline]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}