pando Latin · revision 5492

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *peth₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpan.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpan.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pandō''' (present infinitive pandere, perfect active pandī, supine passum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*pand-n-]], from the nasal present [[ine-pro|*pt-n(é)-h₂-|t=to spread]] of the root *peth₂-.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Its participle [[m|la|passus]] keeps the unnasalized root, as does [[pateō]] “to lie open”, which the OLD compares.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Cognate with [[osc|patensíns|t=they would open]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus has “open quickly this door of Hell”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to spread out or extend hands, wings or a cloth, and ''passīs manibus'' “with outspread hands”, ''passus capillus'' “loosened hair” and ''vēlīs passīs'' “under full sail” were common phrases.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant to open a door or gate, to open up a way, to disclose or reveal what was hidden, and to make known in words, as Lucretius promises to unfold the first beginnings of things.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Its compound [[expandō]] gave [[en|expand]] in the early 15th century and [[en|expanse]] in the 1660s.^(Etymonline) The noun [[passus]] “step” is from the same root, and through Vulgar Latin *''passāre'' and French ''passer'' it lies behind [[en|passage]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus has a door of Hell opened.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius promises to unfold the first principles of things.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''expand'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|spread]] out, extend (hands, wings, sails).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|open]] (a door, a way).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To disclose, uncover.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make known, [[m|en|reveal]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dispandō]]

+ * [[expandō]]

+ * [[oppandō]]

+ * [[pandiculor]]

+ * [[pānsa]]

+ * [[passim]]

+ * [[passum]]

+ * [[passus]]

+ * [[praepandō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pateō]]

+ * [[en|expand]]

+ * [[en|passage]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Pandō'', ''pandāre'' “to bend”, from [[pandus]] “curved”, is a different verb of the first conjugation.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}