rodo Latin · revision 5490

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *Hreh₃d-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈroː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɔː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rōdō''' (present infinitive rōdere, perfect active rōsī, supine rōsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*(w)rōde/o-]], perhaps from [[ine-pro|*Hreh₃d-|t=to gnaw, scrape]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The root etymology is uncertain: Schrijver compares [[sa|रदति|tr=rádati|t=gnaws, digs]], while others connect a Germanic root *wrōt- “to root up”.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD compares [[rādō]] “to scrape”, and [[rōstrum]] “beak” is its derivative.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Lucretius, who writes of rivers that gnaw at their banks.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to gnaw or nibble, as some animals eat, as when mice gnaw shields in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of water, rust and other forces it meant to eat away or erode.^(OLD 2012) Of people it meant to slander or carp at, as Cicero says men “gnaw at dinner parties and pluck at you in groups”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It survives in [[it|rodere]], [[es|roer]] and Romanian ''roade''.^(Wiktionary) Its compounds [[corrōdō]] and [[ērōdō]] gave [[en|corrode]] in the late 14th century and [[en|erode]] in the 1610s, and its participle gave the zoological name ''Rodentia'' and [[en|rodent]] in 1828.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius speaks of rivers gnawing their banks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of backbiting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''corrode'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1828 – English ''rodent'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|gnaw]], nibble.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To eat away, [[m|en|erode]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|slander]], carp at.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abrōdō]]

+ * [[circumrōdō]]

+ * [[corrōdō]]

+ * [[dērōdō]]

+ * [[ērōdō]]

+ * [[obrōdō]]

+ * [[perrōdō]]

+ * [[praerōdō]]

+ * [[rosātiō]]

+ * [[rōsiō]]

+ * [[rōstrum]]

+ * [[rōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|rodent]]

+ * [[en|corrode]]

+ * [[en|erode]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}