laedo Latin · revision 5487

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɫae̯.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈlɛː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''laedō''' (present infinitive laedere, perfect active laesī, supine laesum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Pokorny connected Greek and Baltic words, but de Vaan finds the link with [[grc|λίστρον|tr=lístron|t=spade]] very uncertain and the Baltic words better explained otherwise, so that no certain cognates remain.^(de Vaan 2008) The TLL mentions a connection with [[lassus]] “tired”.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, where thongs “hurt the arms”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to injure, damage or hurt, of the body or of things, as Cato warns against damaging roots when hoeing.^(OLD 2012) It then meant to cause pain or annoyance, to offend, as Terence's “never to offend anyone's face”, to harm a person's interests, as Cicero boasts that he defended many and injured nobody, and to lash someone with words.^(OLD 2012) It was also to break a promise, an agreement or one's duty.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Its compounds include [[collīdō]] “to strike together” and [[ēlīdō]] “to strike out”.^(Wiktionary) [[laesiō]] “an injury” gave [[en|lesion]] in the early 15th century, and ''collīdere'' gave [[en|collide]] in the 1620s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of thongs hurting the arms.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato warns against damaging roots.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''lesion'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1620s – English ''collide'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|injure]], [[m|en|hurt]], damage.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To offend, annoy, vex.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To harm the interests of, wrong.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To attack with words.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To break (a promise, an agreement).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[allīdō]]

+ * [[collīdō]]

+ * [[dīlīdō]]

+ * [[ēlīdō]]

+ * [[illīdō]]

+ * [[interlīdō]]

+ * [[laesiō]]

+ * [[laesūra]]

+ * [[oblīdō]]

+ * [[relīdō]]

+ * [[sublido]]

+ * [[laesus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|lesion]]

+ * [[en|collide]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''laedere'', physical hurt to anything that can be damaged, from [[violō|alt=violāre]], an injury to someone's rights, and [[offendō|alt=offendere]], an injury to feelings.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}