rumor Latin · revision 5436

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₃rewH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈruː.mɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈruː.mor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rūmor''' ''m'' (genitive rūmōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*roumōs-]], probably from [[ine-pro|*h₃re/ouH-mo-|t=roaring]], from the root *h₃rewH- “to roar, shout”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sa|रवति|tr=rávati|t=roars]], [[grc|ὠρύομαι|tr=ōrúomai|t=to howl]] and [[cu|рюти|tr=rjuti|t=to roar]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan notes that the etymology implies a sense “shouting” > “rumour”.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD compares [[raucus]] “hoarse”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It first meant the noise of many voices, a clamour, as in ''secundō rūmōre'' “amid applause”.^(OLD 2012) From this it came to mean common talk, gossip or hearsay, a report of a particular event, and what people say about someone, good or bad, and so reputation, especially ill repute, as in Ennius' line on Fabius, who put safety before what people said.^(OLD 2012) Caesar contrasts what the Gauls learn by ''rūmor'' or ''fāma'' with sure knowledge.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Döderlein contrasts ''rūmor'', the vague and often secret spread of news, with [[fāma]], news spread openly.^(Döderlein 1874) In medieval Latin it meant news.^(Niermeyer 1976) [[en|rumor]] came from Old French in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) It survives in [[it|rumore|t=noise]] and [[fr|rumeur]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius says Fabius put safety before talk.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar speaks of learning things by rumour.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''rumor'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The noise of many voices, [[m|en|clamour]], ''secundō rūmōre'', amid applause.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Common talk, [[m|en|gossip]], hearsay.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A report, [[m|en|rumour]] (of an event).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Reputation; ill repute.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' News.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rūmiferō]]

+ * [[rumifico]]

+ * [[rumigerulus]]

+ * [[rūmitō]]

+ * [[rūmusculus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ravus]]

+ * [[en|rumor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}