soror Latin · revision 5433

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *swésōr}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsɔ.rɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsɔː.ror]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''soror''' ''f'' (genitive sorōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*swesōr-|t=sister]], [[inh|ine-pro|*swésōr|t=sister]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sga|siur|t=sister]], [[cy|chwaer|t=sister]], [[sa|स्वसृ|tr=svásṛ|t=sister]], [[lt|sesuõ|t=sister]] and [[en|sister]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Latin generalized the suffix ⟨-ōr-⟩ throughout the paradigm, and [[sobrīnus]] “cousin” continues *swesr-īno-.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Plautus has a man saying a girl is as safe with him as if she were his sister.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a sister, and in poetry the name for groups of mythological sisters, such as the Fates, the Muses (''doctae sorōrēs'', ''novem sorōrēs'') and the Furies.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) By transfer it was used of something closely related or similar to another, such as the other hand.^(OLD 2012) Isidore explains it as one born “of the same seed”.^(Isidore)

+

+ In Christian Latin it was a sister in Christ, a woman vowed to chastity, and especially the wife of a man who had become a priest.^(Niermeyer 1976) Medieval Latin ''sorōritās'' “sisterhood” gave [[en|sorority]].^(Etymonline) It survives in [[fr|sœur]] and Romanian ''soră'', and Italian ''sorella'' is from its diminutive.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus has “as if she were my sister”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace speaks of the threads of the three Sisters, the Fates.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English ''sorority'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|sister]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # (plural) A group of mythological sisters (the Fates, the Muses).^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # Something closely related or similar.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A sister in Christ; a woman vowed to chastity.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sorōrcula]]

+ * [[sorōricīda]]

+ * [[sorōriō]]

+ * [[sorōrius]]

+ * [[sorōritās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sobrīnus]]

+ * [[en|sorority]]

+ * [[en|sister]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}