gloria Latin · revision 5404

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɡɫoː.ri.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɡlɔː.ri.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''glōria''' ''f'' (genitive glōriae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan discusses the derivation from [[itc-pro|*gnōria|t=knowledge, fame]], related to [[gnārus]] “knowing” and [[ignōrō]] “not to know”, which some scholars accept and others reject; the change of *gn- to ⟨gl⟩ would be a dissimilation.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short compared [[grc|κλέος|tr=kléos|t=fame]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, and Köbler from Ennius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) An epitaph of the Scipios says the deceased surpassed the glory of his ancestors.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the glory or honour given by general consent, fame or renown, as in ''fortitūdinis glōria'' “a reputation for courage”, and also the hope of glory.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It could be a deed that brings glory, and also pride, vanity or boasting.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein contrasts ''glōria'', fame as something spoken of, with ''clāritās'', fame as something seen.^(Döderlein 1874) In Christian Latin it was the glory of God, eternal bliss, and a title of honour, ''vestra glōria''.^(Niermeyer 1976) The doxology ''Glōria Patrī'' and the hymn ''Glōria in excelsīs'' are named from it.^(Köbler 2010) [[en|glory]] came from Old French about 1200, first of the splendour of God.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of a reputation for courage.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''glory'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|glory]], fame, renown.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The hope of glory, ambition.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A glorious deed.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Pride, [[m|en|vanity]], boasting.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' The glory of God; eternal bliss.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A title of honour.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[glōriābundus]]

+ * [[glōrificō]]

+ * [[glorificus]]

+ * [[glōriola]]

+ * [[glōrior]]

+ * [[glōriōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[gnārus]]

+ * [[ignōrō]]

+ * [[en|glory]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}