collis Latin · revision 5357

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Cato|origins=ine-pro *kelH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔl.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔl.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''collis''' ''m'' (genitive collis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kolni-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*kolH-n-|t=hill]], from the root *kelH- “to rise”, as in [[excellō]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[grc|κολώνη|tr=kolṓnē|t=hill]], [[lt|kálnas|t=mountain]] and [[ang|hyll]] ([[en|hill]]).^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline) The TLL also compares [[columen]] and [[culmen]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cato, and de Vaan from Pacuvius, who speaks of hills echoing with shouts.^(Köbler 2010)^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a hill, hillock or hilltop, and poets called Rome ''septem collēs'' “the seven hills”; in Rome the ''Collis'' was the Quirinal.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Pliny uses it of a mound raised by tree roots.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein contrasts ''collis'', a hill rising from the plain, with [[clīvus]], a slope.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ It survives in [[it|colle]], [[fr|col|t=mountain pass]] and Spanish ''collado''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius speaks of hills echoing with shouts.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of very green hills.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace addresses the gods who love the seven hills.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|hill]], hillock, hilltop, ''septem collēs'', Rome.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A mound, hummock.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[collicellus]]

+ * [[colliculus]]

+ * [[collīnus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[columen]]

+ * [[en|hill]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}