cremo Latin · revision 5353

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Ennius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkrɛ.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkrɛː.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cremō''' (present infinitive cremāre, perfect active cremāvī, supine cremātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan takes it as a verb formed from a noun, and notes that a link with [[carbō]] “charcoal” is possible in theory but cannot be developed further.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) The OLD compares [[non|hyrr|t=fire]] and [[lt|kùrti|t=to kindle]].^(OLD 2012) It may be related to [[xum|krematra]], a kind of vessel, and Wiktionary mentions a root *kerh₃- “to burn”.^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Ennius, who speaks of Pergamum, which could not be burned when it was taken.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to destroy by fire or burn, as of cities, woods and books, and to burn sacrifices.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Its specific sense was to burn a corpse on the pyre, to cremate.^(OLD 2012) Cicero speaks of the dead cremated with humble burial, and Pliny the Elder notes that Sulla was the first of the patrician Cornelii to be cremated.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein groups it with [[accendō]], [[incendō]] and ''cōmbūrō'', words for setting on fire.^(Döderlein 1874) Its derivative [[cremātiō]] gave English ''cremation'', from which [[en|cremate]] was formed in 1851.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius speaks of Pergamum not being burned.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius speaks of fire burning the woods.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of cremating the dead.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1851 – English ''cremate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|burn]], consume by fire.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|cremate]] (a corpse).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To burn (a sacrifice).^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[concremō]]

+ * [[cremātiō]]

+ * [[cremātor]]

+ * [[cremitō]]

+ * [[cremium]]

+ * [[decremo]]

+ * [[excremō]]

+ * [[recremo]]

+ * [[sēmicremātus]]

+ * [[sēmicremus]]

+ * [[flammicremus]]

+ * [[tūricremus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[carbō]]

+ * [[en|cremate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}