cutis Latin · revision 5329

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *(s)kewH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkʊ.tɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkuː.tis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cutis''' ''f'' (genitive cutis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kuti-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*kHu-t-i-|t=skin, hide]], an ''i''-stem built on a ''t''-stem.^(de Vaan 2008) It matches the Germanic words, such as [[ang|hȳd]] ([[en|hide]]), and [[xto|kāc|t=skin]], while [[grc|σκῦτος|tr=skûtos|t=leather]] and [[prg|keuto|t=skin]] show forms with initial *s-.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Köbler gives Pokorny's root *(s)keu- “to cover”.^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Cato speaks of hams with the skin facing down.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was the skin of the body or a hide, ''ad cutem tondēre'' “to shave to the skin”, a flayed hide or leather, the thin skin of fruit, and any outer layer or surface.^(OLD 2012) Horace's ''cutem cūrāre'' “to look after one's skin” meant to pamper oneself.^(Gaffiot 2016) Isidore explains it as the first part of the body to be cut.^(Isidore)

+

+ Döderlein contrasts ''cutis'', human skin, with [[tergus]], the coarse hide of an animal, and [[pellis]], a hide removed from the body.^(Döderlein 1874) The diminutive [[cutīcula]] gave [[en|cuticle]].^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''cute'' and, through derivatives, in [[it|cotenna|t=pork rind]] and [[fr|couenne]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato speaks of hams with the skin facing down.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses ''cutem cūrāre''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1610s – English ''cuticle'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|skin]], hide, ''ad cutem tondēre'', to shave close.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A flayed hide, [[m|en|leather]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # The skin, rind (of fruit).^(OLD 2012)

+ # An outer layer, surface.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cutīcula]]

+ * [[cutītus]]

+ * [[dēcutiō]]

+ * [[intercus]]

+ * [[cutāneus]]

+ * [[lānicutis]]

+ * [[recutītus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|cuticle]]

+ * [[en|hide]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}