auris Latin · revision 5322

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂ews-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈau̯.rɪs], [ˈau̯.riːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaːu̯.ris], [ˈaːu̯.ris]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''auris''' ''f'' (genitive auris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*aus(i)-|t=ear]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂eu(-)s-|t=ear]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sga|áu|t=ear]], [[grc|οὖς|tr=oûs|t=ear]], [[lt|ausìs|t=ear]], [[cu|ѹхо|tr=uxo|t=ear]], [[got|𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉|tr=ausō|t=ear]] and [[ang|ēare]] ([[en|ear]]).^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan suggests it may be an ''s''-stem of *h₂eu- “to perceive”, as in [[audiō]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who speaks of ears with rings.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was the ear as part of the body and the organ of hearing, and also a discriminating ear for style, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Phrases include ''in aurem dīcere'' “to say in a whisper” and ''aurēs dare'' “to listen”.^(OLD 2012) It was also a votive model of an ear offered for the cure of deafness, and in Virgil the earth-boards of a plough.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Lewis and Short note that ''auris'' is the ear as the organ of hearing, while [[auricula]] is the outer ear.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The ''Appendix Probi'' censures ''oricla'' for ''auris'', showing the colloquial diminutive that gave the Romance words.^(Appendix Probi) [[en|aural]] is from ''auris'', and [[en|auricle]] from ''auricula''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of ears with rings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of a discriminating ear.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of the earth-boards of a plough.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1650s – English ''auricle'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|ear]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Hearing, ''in aurem'', in a whisper.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A discriminating ear (for style).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A votive model of an ear.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The earth-board of a [[m|en|plough]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[auricula]]

+ * [[auriscalpium]]

+ * [[aurītus]]

+ * [[inaurio]]

+ * [[inauris]]

+ * [[ōricilla]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[audiō]]

+ * [[en|aural]]

+ * [[en|auricle]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}