pagus Latin · revision 5286
16 Oct 2026, 02:10 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *peh₂ǵ-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpaː.ɡʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpaː.ɡus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''pāgus''' ''m'' (genitive pāgī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*pāg-o-|t=district]], [[inh|ine-pro|*peh₂ǵ-os]], from the root of [[pangō]] “to fix, fasten”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) It was perhaps first a space with fixed boundaries.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Compare [[grc|πήγνυμι|tr=pḗgnumi|t=to fix]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler gives Plautus first.^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was a country district or rural community, as opposed to the city, and a village.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Gaul and Germany it named a canton or district of a tribe.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Niermeyer 1976) It also meant the countryside and its people.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ In medieval Latin it was the territory of a city, its countryside, and the district of a Germanic people,^(Niermeyer 1976) and in British Latin a shire or county.^(DMLBS) Its derivative [[pāgānus]] “villager” gave [[en|pagan]], and Late Latin ''pāgēnsis'' gave Old French ''pais'' “country”, whence [[en|peasant]].^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses the word.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a village.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of a district of a Gaulish people.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1400 – English ''pagan'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A country district, rural community; a [[m|en|village]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # A canton (in Gaul or Germany).^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # The countryside; country people.^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The territory of a city; a [[m|en|county]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[compāgus]]
+ * [[pāgānus]]
+ * [[pāgānicus]]
+ * [[pāgānismus]]
+ * [[pāgānitās]]
+ * [[pāgātim]]
+ * [[pāgēnsis]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[paciscor]]
+ * [[pāgina]]
+ * [[pāngō]]
+ * [[pāx]]
+ * [[en|pagan]]
+ * [[en|peasant]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}