duplus Latin · revision 5284
16 Oct 2026, 02:10 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 450 BC (Twelve Tables)|origins=ine-pro *dwóh₁}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdʊ.pɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈduː.plus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''duplus''' (feminine dupla, neuter duplum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*duplos|t=double]], equivalent to [[duo]] “two” with the suffix [[m|la|-plus|t=-fold]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan derives ''duo'' from [[ine-pro|*du-o-h₁|t=two]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|dupla|t=double (accusative feminine)]], [[grc|διπλόος|tr=diplóos|t=double]] and [[got|𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐍃|tr=tweifls|t=doubt]].^(TLL)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler gives the Twelve Tables first,^(Köbler 2010) which he dates to about 450 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant twice as large or twice as much.^(OLD 2012) Cicero speaks of double and triple intervals, and Livy of a double sum of money.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) As a noun ''duplum'' was the double of anything.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ In medieval British Latin it also meant having two parts, and in heraldry a cross double parted.^(DMLBS) Through Old French ''doble'' it gave [[en|double]], recorded about 1300, and through the verb ''duplāre'' English ''double'' “to make twice as much” about 1200.^(Etymonline) It survives in [[it|doppio]] and [[es|doble]].^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use the word.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of double and triple intervals.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy speaks of a double sum of money.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''double'' “twice as much” is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # [[m|en|double]], twice as much or as large.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Twofold, having two parts.^(DMLBS)
+
+ ===Noun===
+ # ''duplum'', the double, twice the amount.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dupla]]
+ * [[duplaris]]
+ * [[duplārius]]
+ * [[dupliō]]
+ * [[duplō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[duo]]
+ * [[duplex]]
+ * [[en|double]]
+ * [[en|duplicate]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}