mustus Latin · revision 5275

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Naevius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈmʊs.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈmus.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mustus''' (feminine musta, neuter mustum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is unclear.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It is traditionally connected with [[muscus]] “moss” and [[ine-pro|*mews-|t=damp]], so “wet”; de Vaan is sceptical, and notes that a derivation from *mud-s-to- “cheerful” is semantically gratuitous.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler give Naevius first.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant fresh or young, as of a lamb in Cato, and ''vīnum mustum'' was unfermented wine.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note that the adjective is only ante-classical.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The neuter noun [[mustum]], new wine or must, is found from Cato, together with ''mustāceus'', a cake made with must.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Latin ''mustum'' gave Old English ''must'' “new wine” ([[en|must]]), German ''Most'', [[it|mosto]] and [[fr|moût]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses the word.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of a young lamb and of new wine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Old English – ''must'' “new wine” is borrowed from ''mustum''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|fresh]], young, new.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of wine)'' Unfermented.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[mustāceus]]

+ * [[mustum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|must]]

+ * [[en|mustard]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}