custom English · revision 5235

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1200|origins=la consuēscere}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈkʌs.təm/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|custume]], [[bor|fro|custume|alt=costume, custume]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) from Vulgar Latin *consuetumen, from [[la|cōnsuētūdō|t=habit, usage]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from cōnsuētus, the past participle of [[m|la|cōnsuēscere|t=to accustom]], from [[m|la|com-]] and [[m|la|suēscere|t=to become used to]], related to suī “of oneself”.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) It is a doublet of [[costume]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A habitual practice of a person or a community: about 1200 in the OED and Etymonline.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) An Old English word for it was þēaw.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A tax or tribute is from about 1325–30, and gradually replaced Old English toll in this sense;^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) ''customs'', duties on imports, were first, about 1390, charges by a lord on goods going to market.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Cresswell 2021) In law, a usage that has the force of law is from about 1400.^(OED 1989) The practice of buying regularly from one shop is from 1596,^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) from which a ''customer'' is a regular buyer; before 1399 it was a customs official.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Cresswell 2021) The ''custom-house'' is from the late 15th century, and ''customs'', the area where luggage is examined, by 1921.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) The adjective, made to order for a particular customer, is by 1830.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1200 – habitual practice.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1325 – a tax or toll.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1390 – ''customs'', duties.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1400 – in law.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1596 – regular buying at a shop.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1830 – adjective, made to order.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1921 – ''customs'' at a port.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A practice followed by people of a particular group or place; a [[tradition]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A habit of a single person.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(law)'' A long-established practice that has the force of law.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Regular buying from a shop or business.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(customs)'' [[duty|alt=Duties]] on imports, or the place at a border where goods and luggage are checked.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Made to order for a particular buyer.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[custom-built]]

+ * [[custom-made]]

+ * [[custom-make]]

+ * [[customable]]

+ * [[custom house]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[consuetude]]

+ * [[costume]]

+ * [[customary]]

+ * [[customer]]

+ * [[customize]]

+ * [[accustom]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}