alo Latin · revision 5233

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *h₂el-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈa.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaː.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''alō''' (present infinitive alere, perfect active aluī, supine altum or alitum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ale/o-|t=to feed]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂el-e/o-]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|ailid|t=feeds, rears]], [[grc|ἀλδαίνω|tr=aldaínō|t=to make grow]] and [[grc|ἄναλτος|tr=ánaltos|t=insatiable]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) The OLD also compares [[ang|eald]] ([[en|old]]).^(OLD 2012) The old participle [[m|la|altus]], also in [[adultus]], goes back to *h₂l̥-to-, while [[m|la|alitus]] is a later form.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) [[alumnus]] continues an old middle participle “being fed”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Livius Andronicus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has a mother saying she nursed her child with milk.^(OLD 2012) Köbler places his career before 200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to suckle or feed offspring, to feed people and animals, and, of plants, to nourish them.^(OLD 2012) From this came supporting someone with a livelihood, rearing children and keeping animals, and of a country or an occupation to nurture or support people.^(OLD 2012) It also meant to feed a fire or a river, to promote the growth of qualities, and, of politics, to let a leader grow strong, as Cicero says of Pompey and Caesar.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''alere'', feeding that leads to growth, from [[nūtriō]], feeding that only keeps a creature alive.^(Döderlein 1874) Derivatives include [[alimentum]] and ''alimōnia'' “nourishment”, the source of [[en|alimony]], and [[alumnus]], the source of [[en|alumnus]]; [[adolēscō]] “to grow up” gave [[en|adult]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it of nursing a child.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius says someone feeds his friends lavishly.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero says a small farm could not support a man.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English ''adult'' is recorded, from ''adultus''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|suckle]], nurse, feed (offspring).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To feed, nourish (people, animals, plants).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To support, maintain; to rear, bring up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (of a place or occupation) To provide a living for.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To feed (a fire, a river); to make grow.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To foster, promote; to let (a rival) grow strong.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[alebris]]

+ * [[alēscō]]

+ * [[aletūdō]]

+ * [[alibilis]]

+ * [[alimentum]]

+ * [[alimōnium]]

+ * [[alitudo]]

+ * [[alitura]]

+ * [[almus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[alicārius]]

+ * [[alimentārius]]

+ * [[alumnus]]

+ * [[oleō]]

+ * [[adoleō]]

+ * [[en|alimony]]

+ * [[en|adult]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}