tueor Latin · revision 5221

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtu.e.ɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtuː.e.or]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tueor''' (present infinitive tuērī, perfect active tuitus sum); second conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*-tow-ē-|t=to protect]], perhaps from a causative [[ine-pro|*touh₂-eie-]], and thinks the first meaning was “to watch over, protect”, which became “to look at”.^(de Vaan 2008) This would connect it with the root *tewh₂- “to be strong”, as in [[sa|तवस्|tr=tavás|t=strong]].^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) The old participle [[tūtus]] belongs to the variant [[m|la|tuor]], the source of [[tūtor]] “guardian”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) Ennius and Lucretius have the third-conjugation form ''tuor''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In poetry it meant to look at or view, as in Ennius.^(OLD 2012) In prose its usual senses were to protect people from danger, to guard a position in war, to defend someone's interests, to maintain or keep something in good order, to support people with food, and to look after or have charge of something.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein contrasts ''tuērī'', guarding against a possible danger, with [[dēfendō]], defending against an actual attack, and links it with the guardianship of minors by a ''tūtor''.^(Döderlein 1874) Its derivatives include [[tūtus]] “safe”, [[intueor]] “to look at”, [[tuitiō]] “protection” and ''tūtor''; [[en|tutor]] and [[en|tuition]] come from the last two.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of looking someone in the face.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of protecting and maintaining.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''tutor'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To look at, view.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|protect]], watch over; to guard (a position).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To defend (a person's interests).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To maintain, keep in good order; to support, feed.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To look after, have charge of.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[circumtueor]]

+ * [[contueor]]

+ * [[intueor]]

+ * [[obtueor]]

+ * [[tuitiō]]

+ * [[tūtāmen]]

+ * [[tūtē]]

+ * [[tūtō]]

+ * [[tūtor]]

+ * [[tūtus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tōmentum]]

+ * [[en|tutor]]

+ * [[en|tuition]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}