attendo Latin · revision 5182
16 Oct 2026, 01:52 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Terence|origins=ine-pro *ten-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [atˈtɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [atˈtɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''attendō''' (present infinitive attendere, perfect active attendī, supine attentum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|ad-|tendō|t1=to, towards|t2=to stretch]], literally “to stretch towards”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The verb ''tendō'' is [[inh|itc-pro|*tend-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*ten-d(ʰ)-|t=to stretch]], from the root *ten- of [[teneō]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are Terence, who asks the audience to listen in silence, and Accius, who has someone strain his ear.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Terence 190–159 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was used first with ''animum'' or ''aurem'': ''animum attendere'' was to turn the mind towards, pay attention, and ''aurem attendere'' to strain the ear.^(OLD 2012) Used alone it meant to listen attentively, as Cicero says “listen, Laterensis, and pay attention”, and to watch closely.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note that the literal sense, stretching a bow towards something, appears only in Apuleius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ It survives in [[it|attendere]], [[fr|attendre]] and [[es|atender]].^(Wiktionary) [[en|attend]] meant “to direct one's mind” in the early 14th century.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence asks the audience to pay attention.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses ''aurem attendere''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of listening attentively.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 14th century – English ''attend'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # ''animum attendere'', to pay [[m|en|attention]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''aurem attendere'', to listen hard.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To listen attentively; to watch closely.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To direct or turn towards.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[attentiō]]
+ * [[attentus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[tendō]]
+ * [[en|attend]]
+ * [[en|attention]]
+ * [[en|attentive]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}