violent English · revision 5170
16 Oct 2026, 01:42 by bogdan “en10k b0188: package … server” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1340|origins=la violentus}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/^(Roach et al. 2011)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|enm|violent]], [[bor|fro|violent]] and directly from [[la|violentus|t=vehement, forcible]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) related to violāre “to violate”.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) It is related to [[violate]] and [[violence]].^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Of the sun, heat and the like, very strong in effect: about 1340 in the OED, in The Prick of Conscience according to Barnhart.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) Etymonline dates actions done with sudden, harmful force to the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Barnhart dates the sense “using strong physical force to harm” to about 1384.^(Barnhart 1988) Of natural forces it is from about 1375,^(OED 1989) and intense or extreme in any respect, of persons and natural phenomena, by the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) Of passions it is from 1586,^(OED 1989) and of colour, very bright, from 1768.^(OED 1989) ''Violence'' is from about 1300.^(Barnhart 1988)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 1340 – very strong in effect.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * c. 1375 – of natural forces.^(OED 1989)
+ * c. 1384 – using harmful force.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1586 – of passions.^(OED 1989)
+ * 1768 – of colour.^(OED 1989)
+
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Using or involving physical force meant to hurt or kill.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # Very strong or sudden: ''a violent storm''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # Showing strong feeling: ''a violent temper''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # Caused by force rather than natural causes: ''a violent death''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[violently]]
+ * [[overviolent]]
+ * [[ultraviolent]]
+ * [[unviolent]]
+ * [[violent storm]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[violence]]
+ * [[violate]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}