dirigo Latin · revision 5132

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *h₃reǵ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdiː.rɪ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdiː.ri.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dīrigō''' (present infinitive dīrigere, perfect active dīrēxī, supine dīrēctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dis-|regō|t1=apart|t2=to direct, guide]], or rather with [[m|la|dē-]], since the older form was ⟨dērigō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The OLD notes that no certain example of ⟨dīr-⟩ occurs in inscriptions before the 4th century AD.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) The verb ''regō'' is [[inh|itc-pro|*reg-e/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₃reǵ-e/o-|t=to stretch, direct]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Livius Andronicus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has “direct the dogs to their proper lairs”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates his career to before 200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to arrange along a line, to align (especially troops in battle order), and to make straight or level.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) From this it meant to direct the movement of persons, animals and ships, to guide or steer, to aim weapons and blows, to turn or point a part of the body, and to direct an activity towards an end.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short report the view that ''dērigere'' and ''dīrigere'' were once different words.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ It survives in [[ro|drege]] and was borrowed as [[it|dirigere]] and [[fr|diriger]].^(Wiktionary) Its participle [[dīrēctus]] gave [[en|direct]] in the late 14th century, and a Vulgar Latin *dīrēctiāre gave Old French ''dresser'' and [[en|dress]], at first “make straight, direct”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it of directing dogs.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of rows aligned in pairs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4th century AD – The spelling ⟨dīrigō⟩ appears in inscriptions.^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''dress'' “make straight, direct” is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * late 14th century – English ''direct'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To arrange in a line, [[m|en|align]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make straight; to level.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|direct]], guide, [[m|en|steer]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To aim (weapons, blows).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To turn, point (a part of the body).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To direct (an activity) towards an end.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dīrēctiō]]

+ * [[dīrēctor]]

+ * [[dīrēctōrium]]

+ * [[dīrēctūra]]

+ * [[dīrēctus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[regō]]

+ * [[ērigō]]

+ * [[en|direct]]

+ * [[en|dress]]

+ * [[en|direction]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}