protego Latin · revision 5103
16 Oct 2026, 01:42 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Caesar|origins=ine-pro *(s)teg-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈproː.tɛ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɔː.te.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''prōtegō''' (present infinitive prōtegere, perfect active prōtēxī, supine prōtēctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|prō-|tegō|t1=before, in front|t2=to cover]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The verb ''tegō'' is [[inh|itc-pro|*teg-e/o-|t=to cover]], [[inh|ine-pro|*(s)teg-e/o-|t=to cover]], cognate with [[grc|στέγω|tr=stégō|t=to cover, keep off]], [[sga|teg|t=house]] and [[lt|stógas|t=roof]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Caesar uses it of tents covered with ivy and of rafts shielded with hurdles.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Caesar's works to about 50 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Its literal sense was to cover in front, to overlay or shield, and Cicero uses it of a house given a projecting roof.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) From this it meant to give a protective covering against weapons, to defend against attack, and to keep out cold or frost.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short give [[dēfendō]] and [[tūtor]] as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ It survives in [[it|proteggere]], [[fr|protéger]] and [[es|proteger]].^(Wiktionary) [[en|protect]], from the participle ''prōtēctus'', is recorded in the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of tents covered with ivy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a projecting roof.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''protect'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To cover, overlay, shield.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To give a protective covering against weapons.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|protect]], [[m|en|defend]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To keep out (cold, frost).^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[imprōtectus]]
+ * [[prōtēctiō]]
+ * [[prōtēctor]]
+ * [[protectorius]]
+ * [[prōtectum]]
+ * [[prōtectus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[tegō]]
+ * [[tēctum]]
+ * [[en|protect]]
+ * [[en|protection]]
+ * [[en|protégé]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}