articulus Latin · revision 5087
16 Oct 2026, 01:42 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂r-tú-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [arˈtɪ.kʊ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [arˈtiː.ku.lus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''articulus''' ''m'' (genitive articulī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|artus|-culus|t1=joint, limb]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan suggests it was coined as a singular to ''artus'', which was used almost only in the plural.^(de Vaan 2008) The noun is [[inh|itc-pro|*artu-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂r-tú-|t=juncture, ordering]].^(de Vaan 2008) The grammatical sense is a semantic loan from [[grc|ἄρθρον|tr=árthron|t=joint, article]].^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who uses it of a moment: a character knows every point of time for his advantage.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was a joint where bones meet, a section of a limb or finger, and a node in a plant.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it was a point of time, a critical moment, and a division of a speech or subject, a clause or section.^(OLD 2012) In grammar it named pronouns and pronominal adjectives.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Caesar has the syncopated form ''articlis'', which the ''Appendix Probi'' condemns as ''articlus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Appendix Probi)
+
+ In medieval Latin it was an article or paragraph, and also a trick.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Old French ''arteil'', [[fr|orteil]] and [[es|artejo]], and was borrowed as [[fr|article]].^(Wiktionary) [[en|article]] first meant the separate parts of a written text, such as the articles of the Creed, about 1200.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a point of time.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of joints of the body.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses the syncopated plural ''articlis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1200 – English ''article'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|joint]], knuckle.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A section of a limb or finger.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A joint or node in a plant.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A point of time, a critical moment.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A division of a speech or subject; a clause, section.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(grammar)'' A pronoun; an [[m|en|article]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An article, paragraph.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[articulāris]]
+ * [[articulō]]
+ * [[articulōsus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[articulāmentum]]
+ * [[articulārius]]
+ * [[articulātē]]
+ * [[articulātim]]
+ * [[articulātiō]]
+ * [[articulātus]]
+ * [[artus]]
+ * [[en|article]]
+ * [[en|articulate]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}