capitulum Latin · revision 5085

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *káput}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kaˈpɪ.tʊ.ɫũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kaˈpiː.tu.lum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''capitulum''' ''n'' (genitive capitulī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|caput|-ulum|t1=head]], a diminutive.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The noun ''caput'' is [[inh|itc-pro|*kaput]], [[inh|ine-pro|*káput|t=head]], cognate with [[de|Haupt]] and [[en|head]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it of drinking with one's little head covered.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense was a little head, and in comedy a person, even as a term of endearment, as in Terence's “o most charming creature”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was used of the head of a plant or seed capsule.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Late Latin it became a main division of a text, a chapter, and in medieval Latin also an article or clause, an edict or capitulary, a charge in an accusation, and a council, such as the chapter of a cathedral.^(Wiktionary)^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Etymonline) Through Old French ''chapitre'' it gave [[en|chapter]] about 1200, and it was borrowed as [[it|capitolo]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a little head.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it as a term of endearment.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Late Latin – It is used of a chapter of a book.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''chapter'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A little [[m|en|head]]; a person; a term of endearment.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The head of a plant; a seed capsule.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A [[m|en|chapter]], section of a text.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An article, clause; an edict, capitulary.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A council; the chapter of a cathedral.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[capitellum]]

+ * [[capitulātim]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[caput]]

+ * [[en|chapter]]

+ * [[en|capitulate]]

+ * [[en|capital]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The ''Appendix Probi'' has ''capitulum non capiclum'', and Isidore uses ''capitulum'' of a woman's head-covering.^(Appendix Probi)^(Isidore)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}