canalis Latin · revision 5083
16 Oct 2026, 01:42 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=akk qanûm}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kaˈnaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kaˈnaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''canālis''' ''m'' (genitive canālis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is apparently [[af|la|canna|-ālis|t1=reed]], from *cannālis.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Latin ''canna'' is from [[grc|κάννα|tr=kánna|t=reed]], from [[akk|qanûm|t=reed]].^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short also mention a link with [[grc|χαίνω|tr=khaínō|t=to gape]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler gives Plautus first,^(Köbler 2010) who speaks of the braggarts who stand by the gutter in the middle of the forum.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was a pipe or channel for water, an open drain or gutter, the bed of a river, a groove for the moving parts of a machine, and a groove cut in wood or stone.^(OLD 2012) It was usually masculine, rarely feminine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ In medieval British Latin it was a watercourse or canal, a river channel, a gutter, and the eucharistic reed.^(DMLBS) It survives in [[it|canale]] and [[es|canal]], and Old French ''chanel'' gave [[en|channel]] in the early 14th century; [[en|canal]] came through French in the early 15th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of the gutter in the forum.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of a channel.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 14th century – English ''channel'' “bed of a stream” is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ * early 15th century – English ''canal'' is recorded in anatomy.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A water pipe, conduit, [[m|en|channel]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # An open drain, [[m|en|gutter]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # The bed of a river.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A groove (in a machine, wood or stone).^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|canal]]; the eucharistic reed.^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[canālicius]]
+ * [[canālicola]]
+ * [[canālicula]]
+ * [[canāliculus]]
+ * [[canāliēnsis]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[canāliculātus]]
+ * [[canna]]
+ * [[cannula]]
+ * [[en|canal]]
+ * [[en|channel]]
+ * [[en|cane]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ Isidore derives it from its being hollow like a reed (''canna''), and says the feminine is better than the masculine.^(Isidore)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}