probo Latin · revision 5076

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *bʰuH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈprɔ.boː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɔː.bo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''probō''' (present infinitive probāre, perfect active probāvī, supine probātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|probus|-ō|t1=good, upright]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) The adjective is [[inh|itc-pro|*pro-f(w)-o-|t=favourable]], [[inh|ine-pro|*pro-bʰ(h₂)u-o-]], from [[ine-pro|*pro-|t=forward]] and [[ine-pro|*bʰuH-|t=to be, grow]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The TLL suggests that the verb may come rather from an exclamation [[probē|alt=probē (est)!]] “it is right”.^(TLL) [[osc|prúfatted|t=approved]] is used in the same way.^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius,^(de Vaan 2008) who uses it of what he proved by applause in the theatre.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense was to regard as good or right, approve or commend, and to think well of a person.^(OLD 2012) Officials used it of passing a piece of work after inspection, and it meant to authorise or sanction.^(OLD 2012) It also meant to test or examine with a view to approval, to win approval for something, and to show to be true, to prove.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note that the sense “to test” is rare in Classical Latin but very common in Church Latin.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ It survives in [[it|provare]], [[fr|prouver]] and [[es|probar]]; [[en|prove]] comes through Old French, and [[en|probe]] from medieval Latin ''proba'' “examination”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it of proving by applause.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of approving a house.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''prove'' “to try by experience” is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 15th century – English ''probe'', a surgeon's rod, is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|approve]] of, commend.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To think well of, esteem (a person).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To pass officially after inspection, certify.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To authorise, [[m|en|sanction]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To test, examine, try.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To win approval for.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To show to be true, demonstrate, [[m|en|prove]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[approbō]]

+ * [[comprobō]]

+ * [[improbātus]]

+ * [[improbō]]

+ * [[proba]]

+ * [[probābilis]]

+ * [[probamentum]]

+ * [[probātiō]]

+ * [[probātīuus]]

+ * [[probātor]]

+ * [[probatoria]]

+ * [[reprobō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[probus]]

+ * [[en|prove]]

+ * [[en|probe]]

+ * [[en|approve]]

+ * [[en|proof]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}