hip English · revision 5062

+ English has separate words hip for the joint of the body, for the fruit of the rose, and for “aware, fashionable”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /hɪp/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ {{homograph|1|body}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=971|origins=gem-pro *hupiz}}

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|hippe]], [[inh|ang|hype]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[gem-pro|*hupiz]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) the source also of Dutch heup, German Hüfte and Gothic hups.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) Barnhart and MWU relate it to Latin cubitum “elbow” and Greek kýbos “cube”, from a root *keub- “a bend of the body”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) Hoad relates it to [[hop]].^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The projecting part of the body where the thigh joins the pelvis: 971 in the OED.^(OED 1989) Barnhart has hipes-banes “hip-bones” about 1150 and hippe in Chaucer in 1369.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Hip and thigh'', with overwhelming blows, is from 1560,^(OED 1989) and ''on the hip'', at a disadvantage, from about 1460.^(OED 1989) In building, the sloping edge where two sides of a roof meet is from 1690.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) ''Hip-flask'' is from 1923.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 971 – the hip.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1460 – ''on the hip''.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1690 – the hip of a roof.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1923 – ''hip-flask''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The part on each side of the body between the waist and the thigh.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The hip [[joint]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The angle where two sloping sides of a roof meet.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ {{homograph|2|rose fruit}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 725|origins=ang hēope}}

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a 16th-century alteration of Middle English hepe,^(Etymonline) [[inh|ang|hēope|alt=hēope, hīope|t=seed vessel of the wild rose]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) from Proto-Germanic *hiup-, the source also of Old Saxon hiopo “bramble” and Dutch joop.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) Its further origin is unknown.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The fruit of the wild rose: about 725 in the OED.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Barnhart dates the form hipe to about 1415.^(Barnhart 1988) The spelling ''hep'' remained in use beside hip.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 725 – the fruit of the wild rose.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1415 – the form hipe.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The red fruit of a rose; a [[rose hip]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ {{homograph|3|fashionable}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=1904}}

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is of unknown origin,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Cresswell 2021) first recorded in American English, probably in African-American usage,^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021) and probably a variant of [[hep]], which has the same sense and is recorded slightly earlier.^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Informed, up to date: 1904.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb, to inform or keep someone up to date, is from 1920, in Fitzgerald's This Side of Paradise.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1904 – adjective, informed.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1920 – verb, to inform.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(informal)'' Aware of or following the latest [[fashion]]s and ideas.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(informal)'' Fashionable or stylish.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hep]]

+ * [[hipster]]

+ * [[hippy]]

+ * [[hippie]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The ''hip'' of ''hip, hip, hooray'' is another word, a cry to introduce a cheer, from 1827, earlier hep.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}