aestimo Latin · revision 5054

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈae̯s.tɪ.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛs.ti.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aestimō''' (present infinitive aestimāre, perfect active aestimāvī, supine aestimātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The old explanation by Havet, from [[m|la|aes|t=bronze]] and a noun *temos “cut”, as if “one who cuts the metal”, is followed by Hamp and by Lewis and Short, but de Vaan does not find it credible.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) If it is an inherited word, de Vaan connects it with the root [[ine-pro|*h₂eis-|t=to seek]] of [[aeruscō|alt=aeruscāre]] “to beg”, and compares [[grc|αἴνυμαι|tr=aínumai|t=to take, seize]] and [[grc|αἰτέω|tr=aitéō|t=to ask, beg]].^(de Vaan 2008) Old Latin spelled it ⟨aestumō⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, in the Old Latin spelling ''aestumāre''.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was first a word of valuation: to estimate the money value or the cost of something, to assess damage, and to weigh the worth of things.^(OLD 2012) From this it meant to judge a situation, to value highly or esteem, to reckon a size or quantity, and to consider or hold an opinion, ''nihil aestimāre'' was to think something of no importance.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein groups it with [[cēnseō|alt=cēnsēre]], [[iūdicō|alt=iūdicāre]] and [[arbitror|alt=arbitrārī]] as verbs of passing judgment.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ A Vulgar Latin *adaestimāre gave Old French ''aesmer'', the source of [[en|aim]], first “to estimate, calculate”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The learned [[aestimātus|alt=aestimātus]] gave [[en|estimate]], and [[it|stimare]] and [[es|estimar]] continue the verb.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses ''aestumāre''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of valuing crops and property.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''aim'' “to estimate, calculate” is recorded, from Old French ''aesmer''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1560s – English ''estimate'' is recorded as a noun, “valuation”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|estimate]] the money value of, to [[m|en|price]], value; to estimate the cost of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|assess]] (a cost or damage).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To weigh the worth of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To judge (a situation).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To value highly, [[m|en|esteem]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To calculate, reckon (a size or quantity).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To consider, hold, ''nihil aestimāre'', to think of no importance.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aestimābilis]]

+ * [[aestimātiō]]

+ * [[aestimātor]]

+ * [[aestimatorius]]

+ * [[aestimātus]]

+ * [[aestimium]]

+ * [[coaestimō]]

+ * [[exīstimō]]

+ * [[inaestimātus]]

+ * [[peraestimo]]

+ * [[aestimia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iuvenis]]

+ * [[en|esteem]]

+ * [[en|estimate]]

+ * [[en|aim]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}