voveo Latin · revision 5050

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁wegʷʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwɔ.we.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvɔː.ve.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''voveō''' (present infinitive vovēre, perfect active vōvī, supine vōtum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*wow-eje/o-|t=to promise]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₁uogʷʰ-eie-|t=to promise]], an iterative-causative verb from [[ine-pro|*h₁wegʷʰ-|t=to promise, praise]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the loss of the old /gʷʰ/ between vowels took place after *-ow- had become *-aw-, so the ''o'' was restored on the model of other causative verbs, and that [[vōtum]] is contracted from *wowito-.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|vufru|t=votive]] (if it belongs here), [[sa|वाघत्|tr=vāghát|t=singer, priest]], [[grc|εὔχομαι|tr=eúkhomai|t=to pray, vow]] and [[xcl|գոգեմ|tr=gogem]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has a character mention the spoils he has vowed.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010) An inscription spells the participle ⟨uootum⟩.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to promise something to a god in return for a favour, to vow, and so to devote or dedicate to a deity.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) From this it came to mean to pray or long for, to wish.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short list [[prōmittō]], [[dīcō]] and [[dēdicō]] as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ The participle [[vōtum]] “vow, prayer” is attested from Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008) It gave [[en|vote]], first a formal expression of one's wish, and through Old French ''voe'' [[en|vow]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of vowing spoils to a god.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''vow'' is recorded, from Old French ''voe'', from ''vōtum''.^(Etymonline)

+ * mid-15th century – English ''vote'' is recorded, from ''vōtum''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|vow]], promise (to a god) in return for a favour.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|dedicate]] or devote to a deity.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To pray or long for, [[m|en|wish]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[convoveō]]

+ * [[dēvoveō]]

+ * [[vōtum]]

+ * [[vōtus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vōtifer]]

+ * [[vōtīvitās]]

+ * [[vōtīvus]]

+ * [[en|vote]]

+ * [[en|vow]]

+ * [[en|devote]]

+ * [[en|votive]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}