adventure English · revision 5048

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1200|origins=la advenire}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ədˈven.tʃə/, US /ədˈven.tʃɚ/, /æd-/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|aventure]], [[bor|fro|aventure|t=chance, occurrence]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) from Vulgar Latin *adventūra “a thing about to happen”,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) from adventūrus, the future participle of Latin [[m|la|advenīre|t=to come to, arrive]],^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) from ad- “to” and venīre “to come”.^(Etymonline) The -d- was restored from Latin in the 15th and 16th centuries, a respelling that did not last in French.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) It is related to [[advent]] and [[venture]], a 15th-century shortened variant.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ What happens by chance, fortune or luck: about 1200 in Etymonline, about 1230 in the OED, before 1200 in the Ancrene Riwle according to Barnhart.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 13th century it also meant a wonder or marvel.^(Etymonline) The meaning developed through “risk, danger” (about 1300) and “perilous undertaking” (late 14th century) to “an exciting or remarkable incident” (1560s).^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021)^(Hoad 1986) ''Peradventure'', by chance, is from 1297.^(OED 1989) The verb, to risk the loss of, is from about 1300.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1200 – chance, fortune.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1297 – ''per adventure''.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1300 – risk, danger.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1300 – verb, to risk.^(Etymonline)

+ * late 14th century – a perilous undertaking.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1560s – an exciting experience.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An unusual, exciting and often dangerous experience.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Excitement and risk: ''a sense of adventure''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A risky [[enterprise]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(archaic)'' To risk or dare.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adventureful]]

+ * [[adventurism]]

+ * [[coadventure]]

+ * [[unadventuring]]

+ * [[peradventure]]

+ * [[adventurer]]

+ * [[adventuress]]

+ * [[adventure playground]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[advent]]

+ * [[adventurous]]

+ * [[misadventure]]

+ * [[venture]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}