ruo Latin · revision 5025
16 Oct 2026, 01:26 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₃rew-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈru.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈruː.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''ruō''' (present infinitive ruere, perfect active ruī, supine rutum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*rowe/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₃reu-e/o-|t=to run, hurry]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[grc|ὀρούω|tr=oroúō|t=to hurry]], [[mga|rúathar|t=assault]] and [[cs|ruch|t=movement]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan notes that its derivatives have mixed with those of a verb meaning “to dig out”, from *(H)reuH-.^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Classical Latin it was to rush, of people and vehicles, to hasten into an action, to rush headlong, and to blunder blindly into trouble.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was to rush upon an enemy, and of buildings to tumble down or collapse, and figuratively of people and states to be ruined.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Transitively it was to cast down, and, from the second verb, to churn up or dig out.^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ Its noun [[ruīna]] “collapse” gave English ''ruin''.^(Etymonline) It survives as [[fr|ruer]].^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses ''ruīna''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late Old English – English ''ruin'' “collapse” is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|rush]], hurry, hasten.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # To rush headlong; to rush blindly (into disaster).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To rush (upon), attack.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|collapse]], fall down; to be ruined.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # To cast down; to dig up, churn up.^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[adruo]]
+ * [[corruō]]
+ * [[dēruō]]
+ * [[dīruō]]
+ * [[ēruō]]
+ * [[irruō]]
+ * [[obruō]]
+ * [[prōruō]]
+ * [[ruidus]]
+ * [[ruīna]]
+ * [[rūta]]
+ * [[rutrum]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[en|ruin]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}