solus Latin · revision 4997

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=Naevius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsoː.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsɔː.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sōlus''' (feminine sōla, neuter sōlum); first/second-declension adjective (pronominal declension)^(Wiktionary)

+ The genitive is usually ''sōlīus'', but Terence and Cato have ''sōlī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is unknown.^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary) The link with the reflexive [[sē]] proposed by Walde–Hofmann, Pokorny and Ernout–Meillet is hardly possible, according to de Vaan.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) He considers instead the root *slH- of [[salvus]] and [[sollus]] “whole”, as *sōlH- “the whole, the one”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Naevius speaks of people spreading gossip if they see a woman alone in the street.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was alone, having no companion, and lonely or forsaken.^(OLD 2012) It was only or sole, as Cicero's “the only one of the whole college”, and of places lonely or deserted.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Isidore says that only the Father with the Son and the Spirit truly exists.^(Isidore) Through Old French it gave English ''sole'' “single”, and through Italian ''solo'' the musical ''solo''.^(Etymonline) It survives as [[fr|seul]], [[it|solo]] and [[es|solo]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the only one of a college.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''sole'' “single” is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1690s – English ''solo'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|Alone]], by oneself.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Lonely, forsaken.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Only, [[m|en|sole]].^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Lonely, deserted (of places).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[solicanus]]

+ * [[sōliloquium]]

+ * [[solitaneus]]

+ * [[sōlitās]]

+ * [[sōlitūdō]]

+ * [[sōlivagus]]

+ * [[sōlō]]

+ * [[sōlummodo]]

+ * [[dēsōlō]]

+ * [[sōligenitus]]

+ * [[sōlitārius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sollus]]

+ * [[en|sole]]

+ * [[en|solo]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}