testa Latin · revision 4992

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=Cato}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtɛs.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtɛs.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''testa''' ''f'' (genitive testae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is unknown.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan finds a derivation from [[ine-pro|*teḱ-|t=to build]] unlikely in meaning and form.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) Lewis and Short took it as *tosta “baked”, from [[torreō]], and the Oxford Latin Dictionary compares [[ae|tašta-|t=cup]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cato uses it of bricks or tiles.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was a piece of burnt clay, a brick or tile, an earthenware jar or pot, and a shard, as Sisenna's fragments of roof tiles.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was the shell of a crustacean or snail, and in Nero's time a kind of applause made with the flat hands, as if with tiles.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ In Late Latin it came to mean the skull, which gave [[it|testa]], [[fr|tête]] and [[ro|țeastă]].^(Wiktionary) Its relative ''testum'' “earthen pot”, used in assaying metals, gave English ''test''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of bricks.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''test'' “vessel for assaying” is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|brick]], [[m|en|tile]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # An earthenware jar, pot.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|shard]], potsherd.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|shell]] (of a crustacean, snail).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A kind of applause with flat hands.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' The [[m|en|skull]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[testāceus]]

+ * [[testārius]]

+ * [[testātim]]

+ * [[testeus]]

+ * [[testūdō]]

+ * [[testula]]

+ * [[testum]]

+ * [[testū]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[testuātium]]

+ * [[testūdineātus]]

+ * [[testūdineus]]

+ * [[en|test]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}