velox Latin · revision 4978

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈweː.ɫoːks]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvɛː.loks]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vēlōx''' (genitive vēlōcis, comparative vēlōcior, superlative vēlocissimus, adverb vēlōciter); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It may mean “wind-like”, from a noun [[itc-pro|*wēlo-|t=wind]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂ueh₁-lo-|t=wind]], from the root [[ine-pro|*h₂weh₁-|t=to blow]], as in [[ventus]] “wind”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Older theories tied it to [[ine-pro|*weǵʰ-|t=to carry]], and Etymonline calls it of uncertain origin.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The Oxford Latin Dictionary compares [[vēles]] “light-armed soldier”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Ennius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was swift or fast in movement, as Lucilius' skirmisher and Caesar's fastest infantry, quick in action, as Cicero's “nothing is swifter than the mind”, and quickly achieved.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Döderlein sets it and [[pernīx]] against [[citus]] and [[celer]], which denote mere quick motion.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ Its noun ''vēlōcitās'' “speed”, found from Sisenna on, gave English ''velocity''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) It was borrowed as [[it|veloce]] and [[es|veloz]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar speaks of the fastest infantry.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''velocity'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|Swift]], fast, [[m|en|quick]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Rapid in action.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Speedily achieved.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vēles]]

+ * [[ventus]]

+ * [[en|velocity]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}