vincio Latin · revision 4975

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *weyk-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwɪŋ.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvin̠ʲ.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vinciō''' (present infinitive vincīre, perfect active vīnxī, supine vīnctum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*wink-(e/o-)|t=to tie, bind]], [[inh|ine-pro|*ui-n-k-]], a nasal present of [[ine-pro|*weyk-|t=to bend, turn]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The nasal spread from the present to the perfect and participle.^(de Vaan 2008) Umbrian [[m|xum|preuiślatu|t=let him tie]] is a cognate.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) [[vincō]] “to conquer” and [[vicia]] “vetch” may share the root.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in the Twelve Tables.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus orders someone to be bound with a cord or fetters.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was to fasten with bonds, as Caesar's man bound with chains and Virgil's hands tied behind the back, to bind or encircle with clothing, and to hold things together, as Cato's jars bound with lead.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was to join together, and figuratively to fetter the body or the mind, or to restrain.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Döderlein groups it with [[nectō]], fettering, against [[ligō]], binding together.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ Its noun [[vinculum]] “bond, chain” is from it.^(de Vaan 2008) Late Latin ''pervinca'' “periwinkle”, perhaps from ''pervincīre'', gave English ''periwinkle''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato binds jars with lead.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1500 – English ''periwinkle'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|bind]], tie up, [[m|en|fetter]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To lace, fasten; to encircle.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To hold together; to join.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To fetter, restrain (the body, faculties).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To surround, guard.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[circumvinciō]]

+ * [[dēvinciō]]

+ * [[ēvinciō]]

+ * [[pervinca]]

+ * [[praevinciō]]

+ * [[revinciō]]

+ * [[vīnctiō]]

+ * [[vīnctor]]

+ * [[vīnctūra]]

+ * [[vīnctus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vicia]]

+ * [[vix]]

+ * [[vicis]]

+ * [[vinculum]]

+ * [[vincō]]

+ * [[en|periwinkle]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}