plus Latin · revision 4941

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *pleh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɫuːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈplus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''plūs''' (comparative, neuter plūs); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus has ''plous''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ple/o(H)is|t=more]], the comparative of [[ine-pro|*pélh₁us|t=much, many]], from [[ine-pro|*pleh₁-|t=to fill]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The many old spellings make it uncertain whether it reflects *plous- or *plois-.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|lia|t=more]], [[grc|πλέων|tr=pléōn|t=more]] and [[ae|frāiiah-|t=more]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in the Twelve Tables.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus asks whether taking from great riches makes more or less.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was the comparative of [[multus]]: a greater amount or number, more, with numerals more than, as Cicero's “more than once”, and something more important.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) As an adverb it was to a greater degree, as Plautus' “I love no young man more”, and furthermore.^(OLD 2012) ''Plūris'' was at a higher price.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In medieval Latin ''plūs minus'' was “more or less”.^(DMLBS) English ''plus'' came into use in arithmetic in the 1570s, and its genitive gave [[plūrālis]] and English ''plural''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''plural'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1570s – English ''plus'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A greater amount or number, [[m|en|more]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # More than (with numerals).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''Plūris'', at a higher price.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Adverb===

+ # More, to a greater degree.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Furthermore.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[plūrālis]]

+ * [[plūrātīuus]]

+ * [[plūriēs]]

+ * [[plūrifārius]]

+ * [[plūrimus]]

+ * [[plūsculus]]

+ * [[plūsquamperfectum]]

+ * [[plusscius]]

+ * [[quamplūrēs]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[multus]]

+ * [[en|plus]]

+ * [[en|plural]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Isidore calls a war “more than civil” when kinsmen fight each other.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}