quinque Latin · revision 4926

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *pénkʷe}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkʷiːŋ.kʷɛ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkʷiŋ.kʷe]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quīnque''' (indeclinable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kʷenkʷe|t=five]], [[inh|ine-pro|*pénkʷe|t=five]], with /p/ assimilated to the following /kʷ/.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Proto-Italic *kʷenkʷe became *kʷinkʷe by regular sound change.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[osc|pomtis|t=five times]], [[sga|cóic]], [[grc|πέντε|tr=pénte]], [[got|𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆|tr=fimf]] and [[en|five]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in the Twelve Tables.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus speaks of five minae.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was the number five, as Lucretius' five senses, Cicero's five planets and Virgil's five zones of the sky.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Ovid's ''quīnque ter'' was fifteen, and ''quīnque prīmī'' were the five chief magistrates of a town.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Its derivatives are many: [[quīndecim]] “fifteen”, ''quīnquāgintā'' “fifty”, ''quīntus'' “fifth”.^(de Vaan 2008) It survives as [[it|cinque]], [[fr|cinq]] and [[ro|cinci]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of five minae.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius counts five senses.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of five planets.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|Five]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[quīncū̆nx]]

+ * [[quīncuplus]]

+ * [[quīndecim]]

+ * [[quindecimus]]

+ * [[quīngentī]]

+ * [[quinquātrūs]]

+ * [[quīnquefolius]]

+ * [[quinquegenus]]

+ * [[quinqueiugus]]

+ * [[quinquelībrālis]]

+ * [[quinquelibris]]

+ * [[quīnquennis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|five]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Plautus once has ''quīnque'' for ''et quīn''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}