coquo Latin · revision 4906

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pekʷ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔ.kʷoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔː.kʷo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''coquō''' (present infinitive coquere, perfect active coxī, supine coctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kʷekʷe/o-|t=to cook]], [[inh|ine-pro|*pekʷ-e/o-|t=to cook]], with /p/ assimilated to the following /kʷ/, as in [[quīnque]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan explains the /o/ as a regular change of /e/ before /o/ in the next syllable, as in [[coquus]] “cook”, from *pokʷos.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|पचति|tr=pácati|t=cooks]], [[grc|πέσσω|tr=péssō|t=to cook, ripen]], Welsh [[wlm|pobi|t=to bake]] and [[cu|пешти|tr=pešti|t=to bake]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it: “what cook cooked this?”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was to prepare food by heat, to boil, bake or roast, and in technical use to burn lime or to smelt.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of the sun it was to ripen crops, fruit and wine, of the body to digest food, as in Cicero, and figuratively to hatch plots or to nurse anger.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Its noun ''coquus'', through Vulgar Latin *cocus, gave Old English ''coc'' and English ''cook'', and ''praecox'' “early ripening” gave ''precocious''.^(Etymonline)^(de Vaan 2008) It survives as [[it|cuocere]] and [[fr|cuire]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of cooking.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of digesting food.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Old English – ''coc'' “cook” is borrowed from the Latin noun.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|cook]]; to [[m|en|boil]], [[m|en|bake]], roast.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To burn (lime); to smelt.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of the sun, to [[m|en|ripen]] (crops, fruit, wine).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|digest]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To hatch (plots); to nurse (anger, cares).^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cocta]]

+ * [[coctilis]]

+ * [[coctiō]]

+ * [[coctito]]

+ * [[coctīuus]]

+ * [[coctor]]

+ * [[coctum]]

+ * [[coctūra]]

+ * [[coculum]]

+ * [[concoquō]]

+ * [[coquīnō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[coquus]]

+ * [[praecox]]

+ * [[en|cook]]

+ * [[en|precocious]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}