fluo Latin · revision 4887

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *bʰlewH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈfɫu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈfluː.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fluō''' (present infinitive fluere, perfect active flūxī, supine flūxum or flūctum); third conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+ An inscription has ''conflouont''; the supine is ''flūctum'', later ''flūxum''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*flow-e/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*bʰleuH-|t=to flow over]].^(de Vaan 2008) Leumann regards the spelling ⟨flu-⟩ as taken from compounds where *-flou- stood in a non-initial syllable.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|φλύω|tr=phlúō|t=to boil over]], [[lt|bliáuti|t=to bleat, sob]] and [[cu|бльвати|tr=blĭvati|t=to vomit]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010) Ennius describes a river flowing with a gentle current.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was of rivers and any liquid to flow or run, of air, light and effluences to stream, and of crowds to flock, as in Virgil.^(OLD 2012) It was of solids to melt, as Ovid's gold in the fire, to be soaked or drip, and figuratively to proceed or spring from something, to vanish or waste away, and to be slack or effeminate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Döderlein says it refers to the motion of a fluid, against [[mānō]], its spreading, and [[liqueō]], its state.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ Its derivatives gave English ''fluid'', from ''fluidus'', ''flux'', from ''flūxus'', and ''influence'', from Medieval Latin ''īnfluentia''.^(Etymonline) Learned [[fr|fluer]] and [[es|fluir]] are borrowed from it.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of a river.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''flux'' and ''influence'' are recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 15th century – English ''fluid'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|flow]], run, stream.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of air, light and the like, to stream.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of crowds, to flock.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|melt]]; to be soaked, drip.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To proceed, spring (from); to spread.^(Wiktionary)

+ # To vanish, waste away; to be slack, [[m|en|effeminate]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[affluō]]

+ * [[circumfluō]]

+ * [[cōnfluō]]

+ * [[dēfluō]]

+ * [[diffluō]]

+ * [[effluō]]

+ * [[flūctiō]]

+ * [[flūctus]]

+ * [[fluentia]]

+ * [[fluentum]]

+ * [[fluibundus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|fluid]]

+ * [[en|flux]]

+ * [[en|influence]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}