fullo Latin · revision 4886
16 Oct 2026, 00:31 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=Plautus}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈfʊl.loː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈful.lo]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''fullō''' ''m'' (genitive fullōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ The origin is unknown.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Since /o/ does not become /u/ before /ll/, de Vaan says it must go back to *fu-, but no root fits.^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary mentions [[ine-pro|*bʰleh₃-|t=to blow, swell]] and an Etruscan source.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus lists the fuller among the tradesmen who besiege a husband.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Classical Latin it was a fuller, who cleaned cloth by treading it, a launderer, as in Pliny and Martial.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Etymonline) Pliny also gives the name to a beetle with white spots, and ''Fullō'' was the title of a comic poem.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In medieval Latin it was a fulling mill.^(Niermeyer 1976) In Britain ''herba fullōnum'' was soapwort and ''terra fullōnum'' fuller's earth.^(DMLBS) Vulgar Latin *fullāre gave Old French ''fouler'' “to trample”, the source of English ''full'' and ''foil'', and Old English ''fullere'' “fuller” came from the noun.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus lists it among tradesmen.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a beetle.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''full'' “to tread cloth” is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|fuller]], [[m|en|launderer]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # A kind of [[m|en|beetle]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A fulling mill.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[fullōnicus]]
+ * [[fullōnius]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[en|fuller]]
+ * [[en|full]]
+ * [[en|foil]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}