fungor Latin · revision 4885
16 Oct 2026, 00:31 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *bʰewg-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈfʊŋ.ɡɔr]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈfuŋ.ɡor]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''fungor''' (present infinitive fungī, perfect active fūnctus sum); third conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*fung-e/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*bʰu-n-g-|t=to be of use, be used]], a nasal present of [[ine-pro|*bʰewg-|t=to enjoy, be of use]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sa|भुङ्क्ते|tr=bhuṅkte|t=enjoys]] and [[sga|bongaid|t=breaks, harvests]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Classical Latin it was to perform or discharge a duty or office, early with the accusative and later with the ablative, as Cicero's discharging the functions of the body.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was to go through or experience, suffer or enjoy, as Horace's man worn out by toils.^(OLD 2012) It was also to function or serve, and to act as something.^(OLD 2012) Its compound [[dēfungor]] meant to be finished, and in the perfect to die.^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ Its noun ''fūnctiō'' gave English ''function'', and Medieval Latin ''fungibilis'' gave the legal word ''fungible''.^(Etymonline) It survives as [[it|fungere]].^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it with the ablative.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1530s – English ''function'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ * 1818 – English ''fungible'' is recorded in law.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|perform]], discharge, execute (a duty or office).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # To go through, experience, suffer; to enjoy.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|function]], act, serve; to act as.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[dēfungor]]
+ * [[en|function]]
+ * [[en|fungible]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}