instauro Latin · revision 4873

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ĩːˈstau̯.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [inˈstaːu̯.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnstaurō''' (present infinitive īnstaurāre, perfect active īnstaurāvī, supine īnstaurātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[in-]] and a verb *staurāre, as in [[restaurō]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan derives the base from [[itc-pro|*stauro-|t=big, strong]], from [[ine-pro|*sth₂u-ro-|t=big, strong]], so that it first meant “to make strong again”; the compound must be recent, or one would expect *instūrāre.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|स्थूर|tr=sthūrá|t=big, strong]].^(de Vaan 2008) Walde–Hofmann compared [[grc|σταυρός|tr=staurós|t=stake]] and [[non|staurr|t=pole]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was to repeat a ceremony that had been wrongly performed or interrupted, as games and sacrifices, in Cicero and Livy.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was to resume or renew an activity, and to restore a thing to its former state, and to set up or make.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein says it was used of sacred or important institutions, against [[īnstituō]] for profane ones.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ Ernout and Meillet think [[restaurō]] replaced it because the sense “again” was unusual for ''in-''.^(de Vaan 2008) In Medieval Latin it also meant to provide or store, and through Old French ''estorer'' it gave English ''store''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of repeating a festival.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses ''restaurāre''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-13th century – English ''store'' “to supply” is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To repeat, start afresh (a ceremony).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To resume, [[m|en|renew]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|restore]] to its former condition.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To set up, erect, make.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To provide, [[m|en|store]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[instauraticius]]

+ * [[īnstaurātiō]]

+ * [[instaurātīuus]]

+ * [[instaurātor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[restaurō]]

+ * [[stō]]

+ * [[īnstituō]]

+ * [[en|store]]

+ * [[en|restore]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}