iuncus Latin · revision 4871

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈjʊŋ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈjuŋ.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iuncus''' ''m'' (genitive iuncī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelt ''juncus''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*joiniko-]], with the suffix *-ko- on a stem *ioini-, through *ioinko- and *iūnko-.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) De Vaan says the stem looks non-Indo-European.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[mga|aín|t=reeds, rushes]] and [[non|einir|t=juniper]], and perhaps with [[iūniperus]] “juniper”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus speaks of binding myrtle groves round with rushes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was a rush or similar plant, especially used for plaiting, as Ovid's marsh rushes, and by extension a rush-like stem.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In medieval Britain rushes were plaited, strewn on beds and floors, used for thatch, wicks and pens, and served as a type of worthlessness.^(DMLBS) Through Spanish ''junquillo'' it gave English ''jonquil'', Medieval Latin ''iuncāta'' “rush basket” probably gave ''junket'', and ''junk'' may come from Old French ''junc''.^(Etymonline) It survives as [[it|giunco]], [[fr|jonc]] and [[es|junco]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid writes of marsh rushes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''junket'' “rush basket” is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1660s – English ''jonquil'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|rush]], [[m|en|reed]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A rush-like stem.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[iuncētum]]

+ * [[iunceus]]

+ * [[iuncinus]]

+ * [[iuncōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iūniperus]]

+ * [[en|jonquil]]

+ * [[en|junket]]

+ * [[en|junk]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}