iuvencus Latin · revision 4870
16 Oct 2026, 00:31 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *h₂yuh₁n̥ḱós}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [jʊˈwɛŋ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [juˈvɛŋ.kus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''iuvencus''' ''m'' (genitive iuvencī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*juwnko-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂iu-h₁n-ḱo-|t=young one, young animal]], a derivative in *-ḱo- of the word in [[iuvenis]] “young”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The ⟨-enc-⟩ for expected ⟨-inc-⟩ is either a Sabellic form or due to ''iuvenis'' and [[iuventūs]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with Umbrian [[m|xum|iveka|t=young cows]], [[sga|óac|t=youth]], [[sa|युवश|tr=yuvaśá|t=young]], [[goh|jung|t=young]] and [[en|young]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Lucretius uses it, as an adjective of a young horse.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Classical Latin the adjective meant young, of animals, and the noun was a young bull or bullock, as in Varro and Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Silius has ''iuvencus aequoreus'', probably a seal, and Horace uses it of a young man.^(OLD 2012) Its feminine [[iuvenca]] was a heifer.^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ In medieval Latin the bullock was the emblem of Saint Luke.^(DMLBS) It survives as [[it|giovenco]] and [[ro|junc]].^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of a young bull.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of young men.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A young [[m|en|bull]], [[m|en|bullock]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # ''Iuvencus aequoreus'', probably a [[m|en|seal]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # A young man.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Of animals, young.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[iuvenis]]
+ * [[iuvenca]]
+ * [[en|young]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ ''Iuvencus'' was also the name of a Spanish priest under Constantine who put the Gospels into verse.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}