lar Latin · revision 4868

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Carmen Arvale}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɫaːr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈlar]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lār''' ''m'' (genitive laris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The Carmen Arvale has the old plural ''Lasēs'', ''Lasibus''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain, perhaps [[bor|ett|𐌋𐌀𐌓|tr=lar]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the alternation between long and short /a/ fits no productive pattern and may point to a loanword, and finds a link with [[lascīvus]] possible but unlikely.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) [[lārua]] “evil spirit” may be a derivative.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in the Carmen Arvale and in Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin the Lares were a class of Roman gods who protected places, above all the household, the ''Lar familiāris'' worshipped at the hearth, as in Ennius, Plautus and Horace.^(OLD 2012) By metonymy it was a dwelling or home, as in Varro.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Etymonline describes them as infernal gods, protectors of the state and the family.^(Etymonline)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was a home or household, often in the plural.^(DMLBS) It survives as [[pt|lar]] and [[es|lar]], and Spanish also has [[m|es|llar]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius speaks of the Lares that care for the house.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of a dwelling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|Lar]], one of the Roman gods protecting a place, especially the household.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A home, [[m|en|dwelling]], household.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[larifuga]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Larēs]]

+ * [[lārua]]

+ * [[en|lares]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Lār'' or ''Lars'' was also an Etruscan praenomen and title, as Lars Porsenna.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}