mergo Latin · revision 4844
16 Oct 2026, 00:25 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Cicero|origins=ine-pro *mesg-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈmɛr.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈmɛr.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''mergō''' (present infinitive mergere, perfect active mersī, supine mersum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*mezge/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*mesg-e/o-|t=to sink, wash]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Georges 1913) Cognate with [[sa|मज्जति|tr=májjati|t=sinks, dives]] and [[lt|mazgóti|t=to wash]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Cicero uses it of chickens plunged into water.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was to plunge or dip in liquid, to sink a ship, and of water to flood or engulf.^(OLD 2012) In the passive it was used of stars sinking below the horizon.^(OLD 2012) It was to bury, as Livy's men with their heads buried in the earth, to thrust deep, to hide in darkness, and to drown someone in sleep, pleasure or wine.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ It survives as [[it|mergere]] and [[ro|merge]].^(Wiktionary) English ''merge'' is recorded in the 1630s, and ''emergency'' comes from [[ēmergō]] “to rise out”.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of heads buried in the earth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1630s – English ''merge'' and ''emergency'' are recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|plunge]], dip, [[m|en|immerse]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # To [[m|en|sink]] (a ship); to drown.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Of water, to flood, engulf.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # In the passive, to set (of stars).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To bury; to thrust deep.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # To hide; to overwhelm (in sleep, wine).^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dēmergō]]
+ * [[ēmergō]]
+ * [[immergō]]
+ * [[mergito]]
+ * [[mergus]]
+ * [[mersito]]
+ * [[mersō]]
+ * [[remergo]]
+ * [[submergō]]
+ * [[immersābilis]]
+ * [[mergulus]]
+ * [[mersus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[en|merge]]
+ * [[en|emergency]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}