piscis Latin · revision 4838

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pisk-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɪs.kɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpiʃ.ʃis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''piscis''' ''m'' (genitive piscis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ An early inscription has an accusative ''piscim''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*piski-|t=fish]], [[inh|ine-pro|*pisk-|t=fish]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sga|íasc|t=fish]], [[got|𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃|tr=fisks|t=fish]] and [[en|fish]]; de Vaan finds the variation between /i/ and /ei/ hard to explain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has shipwrecked men give food to the fishes.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a fish, as in Ennius and Cicero, and in the plural the constellation Pisces.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Ovid uses ''piscis fēmina'' of a female fish, and Silius ''curvus piscis'' of the dolphin.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ In medieval Latin fish was food for days of abstinence, as distinct from meat.^(DMLBS) It survives as [[it|pesce]], [[es|pez]], [[pt|peixe]] and [[ro|pește]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it, and of the constellation in his Aratea.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|fish]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # In the plural, the constellation [[m|en|Pisces]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Fish as food for days of abstinence.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[piscārius]]

+ * [[piscātus]]

+ * [[pisceus]]

+ * [[piscicapus]]

+ * [[pisciculus]]

+ * [[piscīna]]

+ * [[piscor]]

+ * [[piscōsus]]

+ * [[pisculentus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|fish]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}