serus Latin · revision 4807
16 Oct 2026, 00:25 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Lucilius|origins=ine-pro *seh₁-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈseː.rʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsɛː.rus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''sērus''' (feminine sēra, neuter sērum, comparative sērior, superlative sērissimus, adverb sērō); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*sēro-|t=late]], [[inh|ine-pro|*seh₁-ro-|t=long-lasting, late]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sga|sír|t=lasting, eternal]] and [[cy|hir|t=long]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Lucilius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Lucilius c. 180–102 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Classical Latin it was what comes after the normal time, belated or slow, of flowers and fruit ripening late, and too late, as in Sallust.^(OLD 2012) Of time it was late in the day, as Varro's title “you don't know what the late evening may bring”, and far gone.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ The neuter adverb [[sērō]] “late” and the noun ''sēra'' “evening” gave [[fr|soir]] and [[it|sera]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary) English ''soirée'' comes from French ''soir''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro titles a satire ''Nescis quid vesper serus vehat''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1793 – English ''soiree'' is recorded, from French ''soir''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Late, [[m|en|belated]], slow, [[m|en|tardy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # Of plants, ripening or blossoming late.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Later; too late.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Late in the day; far gone.^(OLD 2012)^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[sera]]
+ * [[serum]]
+ * [[sērisapia]]
+ * [[seritas]]
+ * [[sērōtinus]]
+ * [[sērō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[sērius]]
+ * [[sētius]]
+ * [[en|soiree]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}