unda Latin · revision 4785

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *wódr̥}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈʊn.da]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈun.da]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''unda''' ''f'' (genitive undae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*udōr]], from the oblique stem [[ine-pro|*ud-n-]] of [[ine-pro|*wódr̥|t=water]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan and Wiktionary take it from a collective [[ine-pro|*udnom|t=body of water]], reinterpreted as a feminine, with /dn/ turned into /nd/.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[xum|utur|t=water]], [[sga|uisce|t=water]], [[hit|watar|t=water]], [[grc|ὕδωρ|tr=húdōr|t=water]], [[lt|vanduõ|t=water]], [[cu|вода|tr=voda|t=water]] and [[got|𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉|tr=watō|t=water]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Livius Andronicus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Livius Andronicus 280/260–before 200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was a wave, as Plautus' sea full of waves, a river or spring, flowing water and water in general, and a flow of other liquids, such as blood in Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was used of a surging crowd, and in architecture of a wavy moulding.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says that [[aqua]] is water as a substance and ''unda'' water in motion.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ Medieval writers used it of waves, also figuratively.^(DMLBS) It survives as [[it|onda]], [[fr|onde]], [[es|onda]] and [[ro|undă]].^(Wiktionary) Its derivative [[abundō]] “to overflow” gave English ''abound'', and [[inundātiō]] gave ''inundation''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of a sea full of waves.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''abound'' is recorded, from ''abundāre''.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 15th century – English ''inundation'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|wave]], billow.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A river, stream, spring.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Water.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A flow (of blood or another liquid).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A surging crowd.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(architecture)'' A wavy moulding.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[undābundus]]

+ * [[undātim]]

+ * [[undātus]]

+ * [[undicola]]

+ * [[undifragus]]

+ * [[undisonus]]

+ * [[undivagus]]

+ * [[undō]]

+ * [[undōsus]]

+ * [[undula]]

+ * [[exundō]]

+ * [[inundō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|abound]]

+ * [[en|inundation]]

+ * [[en|undulate]]

+ * [[en|water]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Isidore defines ''unda'' as water rising up that is always in motion.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}