hat English · revision 4763

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 725|origins=gem-pro *hattuz}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /hæt/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|hat]], [[inh|ang|hætt|t=hat, head covering]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) from [[gem-pro|*hattuz|t=hood, cowl]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) also the source of Frisian hat and Old Norse hǫttr “hood, cowl”.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) Barnhart derives it from [[ine-pro|*kadʰ-|alt=*kadh-]] and relates it to [[hood]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)^(NODE 1998) but Etymonline calls its origin uncertain and notes comparisons with Lithuanian kuodas “bird's crest” and Latin cassis “helmet”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A covering for the head, as worn by men: about 725 in the OED, before 800 in Barnhart.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) In Old English it glossed Latin pileus, galerus, mitra and tiara.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A hat worn by women is from about 1470.^(OED 1989) A head-dress showing rank, especially a cardinal's red hat, is from before 1352,^(OED 1989) and it later stood for an office or role, as in ''wear two hats''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023) The verb, to put a hat on, is from about 1430.^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024) ''Hatter'' is recorded in 1212, as a surname.^(Barnhart 1988) ''Eat one's hat'' is from 1770, and was said to have been originally to eat Old Rowley's (Charles II's) hat.^(Etymonline)^(Weekley 1921) ''Throw one's hat in the ring'' was a prize-fighting challenge from 1847, and in politics an announcement of candidacy by 1917.^(Etymonline) The cricket ''hat trick'', three wickets with three successive balls, seems to come from the custom of giving the bowler a new hat.^(Partridge 1966)^(Weekley 1921)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 725 – a head covering.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1212 – ''hatter''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * a. 1352 – a hat of rank, such as a cardinal's.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1430 – verb, to put a hat on.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1470 – a woman's hat.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1770 – ''eat one's hat''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1847 – ''throw one's hat in the ring''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A shaped covering for the head, usually with a [[crown]] and [[brim]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A role or job, especially one of several: ''wearing her teacher's hat''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To supply with or cover with a hat.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hatless]]

+ * [[hatlessness]]

+ * [[hatlike]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hood]]

+ * [[heed]]

+ * [[hatter]]

+ * [[hat trick]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}